Journal Press India^®

Author Details ( * ) denotes Corresponding author

Human dignity is the spine and the spike of human rights, as well as the very foundation upon which they are built. Human rights are the fundamental rights to which every man and woman born anywhere in the world is entitled simply by virtue of being a human being. Human rights are available to everyone, regardless of caste, religion, gender, race, or birthplace. In our society, anyone who commits an offence or a crime should be punished through the criminal justice system. In modern times, the state has taken on the responsibility of providing adequate security for individuals as well as reasonable opportunity for each individual to develop their own identity. The purpose of this study is to understand the plight of undertrial detainees through the perspective of human rights and judicial efforts.

Keywords

Human dignity; Fundamental; Rights; Virtue; Society; Wrongdoer

1. Sunil Batra (II) v Delhi Administration, AIR 1980 SC 1579.


2. What are Human Rights?, available at: https://www.ohchr.org/en/issues/pages/whatarehumanrights.aspx (Visited on February 23, 2022).


3. Amrita Chakraborty, “Plight of Under Trial Prisoners: A study under human rights perspective”, Vol. 7 Issue 7 Journal of Contemporary Issue of Law 38 (2021).


4. Muskan Gupta, The state of Prisons and undertrial incarcenation in India, available at: https://blog.ipleaders.in/state-prisons-undertrial-incarceration-india/#:~:text=Under%2DTrial%20Prisoners%20are%20unconvicted,known%20as%20under%20Trial%20Prisoners. (Visited on February 25, 2022).


5. Dr. N. Bhagya Lakshmi, Detention of Under Trial Prisoners: A Bird's Eye View of the Judiciary, available at: http://www.penacclaims.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/07/Dr-N.-Bhagya-Lakshmi.pdf (Visited on February 25, 2022).


6. Akib Khan, The Human Right of Under trial Prisoners, available at: https://www.legalserviceindia.com/legal/article-4537-the-human-right-of-under-trail-prisoners.html#:~:text=All%20the%20persons%20detained%20in,human%20rights%20of%20the%20undertrials. (Visited on February 25, 2022).


7. Ritwik Sneha & Rishab Garg, The Problems of Undertrials, available at:       http://www.legalservicesindia.com/article/1280/The-Problems-of-Undertrials.html (Visited on February 25, 2022).


8. P.N. Bhagwati, “Human Rights in the Criminal Justice System”, Vol. 27 No. 1 Journal of the Indian Law    Institute 1-22 (1985).


9. Model Prison Manual for the Superintendence and Management of Prisons in India, available at: https://bprd.nic.in/WriteReadData/userfiles/file/5230647148-Model%20Prison%20Manual.pdf (Visited on February 25, 2022).


10. Ritwik Sneha & Rishab Garg, The Problems of Undertrials, available at:  http://www.legalservicesindia.com/article/1280/The-Problems-of-Undertrials.html (Visited on February 25, 2022).


11. Dr. T. Giri & T.S.R Praneetha, “Problems of Undertrials in India”, Vol. 2 Issue 1 International Journal for     Legal Development and Allied Issues 244 (2016).


12. AIR 1981 SC 928.


13. Dr. T. Giri & T.S.R Praneetha, “Problems of Undertrials in India”, Vol. 2 Issue 1 International Journal for Legal Development and Allied Issues 244 (2016).


14. DR. Anil Kumar Singh, “Undertrial Prisoners in India: Issues and Concerns”, Vol. 5 Issue 5 International Journal of Scientific Research 336 (2016).


15. Nidhi Beniwal, Role of Judiciary in Protecting the Rights of Prisoners, available at: http://www.legalservicesindia.com/article/1616/Role-of-Judiciary-in-Protecting-the-Rights-of-Prisoners.html#:~:text=though%20specifically%20not%20mentioned%20are,and%20for%20effecting%20prison%20reforms. (Visited on February 24, 2022).


16. AIR 1977 SC 2477.


17. Dr. N. Bhagya Lakshmi, Detention of Under Trial Prisoners: A Bird's Eye View of the Judiciary, available at: http://www.penacclaims.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/07/Dr-N.-Bhagya-Lakshmi.pdf (Visited on February 25, 2022).


18. (2015)15 SCC 605.


19. Priti Bharadwaj, Liberty at the cost of Innocence: A Report on Jail Adalats in Inida, available at: https://humanrightsinitiative.org/old/publications/prisons/liberty_at_the_cost_of_innocence.pdf (Visited on February 25, 2022).


20. AIR 1983 SC 373.


21. AIR 1978 SC 1548.


22. AIR 1979 SC 1369.


23. AIR 1981 SC 928.


24. Dr. N. Bhagya Lakshmi, Detention of Under Trial Prisoners: A Bird's Eye View of the Judiciary, available at: http://www.penacclaims.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/07/Dr-N.-Bhagya-Lakshmi.pdf (Visited on February 25, 2022).


25. Supra note 21.


26. 26. Supra note 23




 
27.  
28.