Journal Press India^®

Author Details ( * ) denotes Corresponding author

The accelerating growth of cities and their disproportionate consumption of physical and social resources are unsustainable, as are the traditional systems cities rely upon to deliver resources. For cities to become both smart and sustainable – more environmentally sound, economically prosperous and socially just – they must integrate the use of big data and ICT both into daily processes and in the pursuit of their pressing goals. Smart cities, as they are presently conceived and understood have enormous potential to open-up in the international business arena through multilateral trading systems as are provisioned under the WTO. This paper explores and discusses the significance and new opportunities of smart cities in international businesses to face the challenges of the 21^st Century. ​

Keywords

Smart cities, Internet and Communication Technology, Infrastructure, Economic development

1. Anthopoulos, L. & P., Fitsilis. (2014a). Exploring architectural and organizational features in Smart Cities. 16th International Conference on Advanced Communications Technology (ICACT2014), IEEE, 2014
2. Anthopoulos, L. & P., Fitsilis. (2014b). Smart Cities and their roles in city competition: A classification. International Journal of Electronic Government Research (IJEGR), 10 (1): 67-81.
3. Bannister, F. & Connolly, R. (2012). The trouble with transparency: A critical review of openness in e-government. Policy & Internet, 3.
4. Bélissent, J. (2010). Getting Clever about Smart Cities: New Opportunities require New Business Models. Forrester.
5. Caragliu A., Del Bo C., & Nijkamp P. (2009). Smart cities in Europe. In Proceedings of the 3rd Central European Conference in Regional Science (Košice, Slovak Republic, Oct 7-9), 2009. Available at http://www.cers.tuke.sk/cers2009/PDF/01_03_Nijkamp.pdf.
6. Caragliu, A., Del Bo, C., & Nijkamp, P. (2011). Smart cities in Europe. Journal of Urban Technology, 18(2): 65-82.
7. Carayannis, E. G., Barth, T. R., & Campbell, D. F. J. (2012). The quintuple helix innovation model: global warming as a challenge and driver for innovation. Journal of Innovation and Entrepreneurship, 1-2.
8. Etzkowitz, H. (2008). The Triple Helix: University-Industry-Government Innovation in Action. London, UK: Routledge.
9. FIREBALL (2012). Landscape and Roadmap of Future Internet and Smart Cities. FP7-ICT-2009-5.
10. Giffinger, R., Fertner, C., Kramar, H., Kalasek, R., & Pichler-Milanovic, N. (2007). Smart cities-Ranking of European medium-sized cities. Vienna: Centre of Regional Science.
11. Retrieved from http://www.smart-cities.eu/download/smart_cities_final_report.pdf
12. Hall R. E. (2000). The Vision of a Smart City. In Proceedings of the 2nd International Life Extension Technology Workshop (Paris, France, Sep. 28), 2000, available at http://www.osti.gov/bridge/purl.cover.jsp?purl=/773961- oyxp82/webviewable/773961.pdf.
13. Hin, L. T., & Subramaniam, R. (2012). Creating Smart Cities with intelligent transportation solutions: Experiences from Singapore. In O. Ercoskun (Ed.), Green and Ecological Technologies for Urban Planning: Creating Smart Cities (pp. 174-190). Hershey, PA: Information Science Reference.
14. Institute for the Future (2011).  The Future of Cities, Information, and Inclusion. A Planet of Civic Laboratories. Retrieved from http://www.iftf.org/inclusion.
15. Komninos, N. (2008). Intelligent Cities and Globalisation of Innovation Networks. London: Routledge.
16. Komninos, N. (2011). What makes cities smart?. SC Conference, Edinburgh, 30 June.
17. Lee, Hoe S., Hoon Han, J., Taik Leem, Y., & Yigitcanlar, T. (2008). Towards ubiquitous city: concept, planning, and experiences in the Republic of Korea. In Yigitcanlar, T.,
18. Velibeyoglu, K., & Baum, S., (Eds.), Knowledge-Based Urban Development: Planning and Applications in the Information Era (pp. 148-169). Hershey, PA: Information Science Reference.
19. Lombardi, P., Giordano, S., Caragliu, A., Del Bo, C., Deakin, M., Nijkamp, & P., Kourtit, K. (2011). An advanced triple-helix network model for smart cities performance. Research memorandum, University of Amsterdam.
20. Nalbandian, J. (1999). Facilitating community, enabling democracy: New roles for local government managers. Public Administration Review, 59(3): 187 – 197.
21. Nam, T., & Pardo, T. A. (2011a). Conceptualizing Smart City with Dimensions of Technology, People, and Institutions. DG.O. pp. 282-291.
22. Nam, T., & Pardo, T. A. (2011b). Smart City as Urban Innovation: Focusing on Management, Policy, and Context. ICEGov,Tallinn, Estonia, 26-28 September.
23. Organisational Structure of OGCIO: http://www.ogcio.gov.hk/en/facts/doc/Fact_Sheet-OGCIO-EN.pdf.
24. Roy, J. (2005). E-governance and international relations: A consideration of newly emerging capacities in a multi-level world. Journal of Electronic Commerce Research, 6(1): 44-55.
25. Saxenian, A. (1994). Lessons from Silicon Valley. Technology Review, 97(5): 42-51.
26. Schaffers H., Komninos N, Pallot M., Trousse B., Nilsson M., & Oliveira A. (2011). Smart cities and the Future Internet: towards cooperation frameworks for open innovation. In Domingue, J. et al. (eds.) Future Internet Assembly, LNCS 6656, pp.431-446, Springer.
27. Smart Chicago Collaborative helps the City administer:  http://www.smartchicagocollaborative.org/sample-page/history/ .
28. United Nations. (2014). World Urbanization Problem. Available at: http://esa.un.org/unpd/wup/Highlights/WUP2014-Highlights.pdf.
29. Wolfram, M. (2012).  Deconstructing smart cities. An intertextual reading of concepts and practices for integrated urban and ICT development. Proceedings Real Corp 2012, 14-16 May.