Journal Press India^®

Author Details ( * ) denotes Corresponding author

The fundamental purpose of this research is to develop a photovoltaic-based MLI that implements a pulse width modulation strategy as its mode of operation. Within the context of this specific illustration of a multilayer inverter, two switches are used so that the fundamental frequency and the carrier frequency may be switched. The first three sections of this article focus on analyzing and discussing the impact that varied levels of carrier signal have on inverters. Determine the effect that it has on the voltage, current, and harmonics distortion. Check to determine what type of impact it has. Second, the effect of the change in output under various loads in the PV-based multilayer inverter and the counting of the harmonics that resulted from that change. Another one of the comparisons between a seven-level inverter and a nine level hybrid inverter and its harmonics used a multilevel PV-based inverter to decrease the harmonics distortion, boost the output voltage, and illustrate the influence in losses. This was one of the comparisons that involved a seven-level inverter. Calculations and results acquired from a modified version of the MATLAB program indicate that the whole harmonics range may be covered by combining the level change technology with multi-stage hybrid inverters. These calculations and results were achieved.

Keywords

Photovoltaic System; Multilevel Inverter; Nine Level Inverter; PWM Strategy; Harmonics Elimination

1. S. K. Kar, A. Sharma, and B. Roy, "Solar energy market developments in India," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, vol. 62, pp. 121-133, 2016.
2. M. Calais and V. G. Agelidis, “Multilevel converters for single-phase grid connected photovoltaic systems—An overview,” in Proc. IEEE Int. Symp. Ind. Electron, 1998, vol. 1, pp. 224–229.
3. S. B. Kjaer, J. K. Pedersen, and F. Blaabjerg, “A review of single-phase grid connected inverters for photovoltaic modules,” IEEE Trans. Ind.Appl., vol. 41, no. 5, pp. 1292–1306, Sep./Oct. 2005.
4. Y. Chen, K. Chen, C. Wei, and J. Dong, “Three-level pwm for gridconnected pv inverter considering switching loss and common-mode voltage,” in 2018 7th International Symposium on Next Generation Electronics (ISNE), May 2018, pp. 1–4.
5. S. Kolluri, P. Thummala, R. Sapkota, J. Xu, and S. K. Panda, “Spatial repetitive controller for minimizing circulating harmonic currents in modular multilevel converters for variable frequency applications,” in IEEE IECON 2016, Oct 2016, pp. 3612–3617.
6. Malinowski, M., Gopakumar, K., Rodriguez, J., & Perez, M. A. “A survey on cascaded multilevel inverters”. IEEE transactions on industrial electronics, vol. 57(7), pp. 2197-2206, 2010.
7. Singh, M., Agarwal, A., & Kaira, N. “Performance evaluation of multilevel inverter with advance PWM control techniques”. In Power Electronics (IICPE) IEEE 5th India International Conference on (pp. 1- 6), 2012 December.
8. McGrath, B. P., & Holmes, D. G. “Multicarrier PWM strategies for multilevel inverters”. IEEE Transactions on industrial electronics, vol. 49(4), pp. 858-867, 2002.
9. Hsieh, C. H., Liang, T. J., Chen, S. M., & Tsai, S. W. “Design and Implementation of a Novel Multilevel DC–AC Inverter”. IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications, vol. 52(3), pp. 2436-2443, 2016.
10. Vahedi, H., Al-Haddad, K., Labbe, P. A., & Rahmani, S. (2014, June). Cascaded multilevel inverter with multicarrier PWM technique and voltage balancing feature. In 2014 IEEE 23rd International Symposium on Industrial Electronics (ISIE) (pp. 2155-2160). IEEE.
11. K. L. Madhav, C. Babu, P. Ponnambalam and A. Mahapatra, "Fuzzy logic controller for nine level multi-level inverter with reduced number of switches," 2017 Innovations in Power and Advanced Computing Technologies (i-PACT), Vellore, 2017, pp. 1-7, doi: 10.1109/IPACT.2017.8244938.
12. K. K. Gupta, A. Ranjan, P. Bhatnagar, L. K. Sahu, and S. Jain, "Multilevel inverter topologies with reduced device count: A review," IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, vol. 31, pp. 135-151, 2016.
13. E. Babaei, S. Laali, and Z. Bayat, "A single-phase cascaded multilevel inverter based on a new basic unit with reduced number of power switches," IEEE Transactions on industrial electronics, vol. 62, pp. 922-929, 2015.
14. I. S. Rani and M. Trinadh, "Single-phase nine-level grid­connected inverter for photo-voltaic system," 2016 International Conference on Electrical, Electronics, and Optimization Techniques (ICEEOT), Chennai, 2016, pp. 4106-4110, doi: 10.1109/ICEEOT.2016.7755488.
15. Nupur Yadav, D.K.Sambariya," Analysis and Integration of Nine Level Cascaded HBridge Multilevel Inverter Configuration in a Photovoltaic System ". 9th ICCCNT 2018 July 10-12, 2018.
16. Selvamuthukumaran, R., Garg, A., & Gupta, R. (2014). Hybrid multicarrier modulation to reduce leakage current in a transformerless cascaded multilevel inverter for photovoltaic systems. IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, 30(4), 1779-1783.
17. Ahmad, S., Johari, S. H., Ahmad, A., & Halim, M. F. M. A. (2015, October). Grid connected multilevel inverters for PV application. In 2015 IEEE Conference on Energy Conversion (CENCON) (pp. 181-186). IEEE.
18. X. H. Nguyen and M. P. Nguyen, "Mathematical modeling of photovoltaic cell/module/arrays with tags in Matlab/Simulink," Environmental Systems Research, vol. 4, p. 24, 2015.
19. N. Prabaharan and K. Palanisamy, "Analysis and integration of multilevel inverter configuration with boost converters in a photovoltaic system," Energy Conversion and Management, vol. 128, pp. 327-342, 2016.
20. Sathyaraj, S., Rajkumar, M. V., & Chandramohan, J. (2016). Modeling and Simulation of Asymmetric Cascaded Multilevel Inverter with Reduced Switches using Multicarrier PWM Control. International Journal of Advanced Research in Electrical, Electronics and Instrumentation Engineering (IJAREEIE), 5(10), 8064-8071.